kathaa anantaa

raavana maaraa jaa chukaa hai. yuddh samaapta ho chukaa hai. seetaa ne agni pareekshaa dekar apanee pavitrataa siddh kar dee hai. yuddh men kheta rahe vaanaron ko indr ne fira se jilaa diyaa hai. raam ab jaldee se ayodhyaa laut jaane ke lie udyat hain. unakee aaturataa dekha vibheeshan unhe pushpak vimaana saunp dete hain. raam jee, raaha men seetaa jee ke aagrah para kishkindhaanagaree se taaraa aadi vaanar patniyon ko bhee saath le lete hain. aur seetaa ko unakee yaatraa ke vibhinn padaavon kaa darshan karaate hue shreeraama bharadvaaj muni ke aashram par unakaa aasheervaad lene rukate hain aura hanumaan ko unake aagaman kee soochanaa dene aage bhej dete hain. nishaadaraaja guh se milate hue hanumaana aashramavaasee krishakaay bharat ko raama kee kushalataa kaa samaachaar dete hain. bharat jee harsh se moorchchhit ho jaate hain aur do ghadee baad jab unhe hosh aataa hai to bhaav vihval hokara hanumaan jee ko baahon men bharakara aur aansuon se nahalaate hue yaha kahate hain:
devo vaa maanusho vaa tvamanukroshaadihaagath|
priyaakhyaanasya te saumy dadaami bruvath priyam || 40||
gavaan shatasahasrn ch graamaanaan ch shatn param |
sakundalaah shubhaachaaraa bhaaryaah kanyaashcha shodash || 41||
hemavarnaah sunaasorooh shashisaumyaananaah striyh |

sarvaabharanasampannaa sampannaah kulajaatibhih || 42||

(yuddhakaand,sarga125)

oopara diye gae shlokon kaa arth hai: "bhaiyaa, tuma koee devataa ho yaa manushy jo mujha par kripaa karake yahaan padhaare ho. he saumy, jitanaa priy samaachaar tumane mujhe sunaayaa hai badale men utanaa priya kyaa tumhen doon? main tumhen ek laakh gaayen, sau uttam gaanv, aura achchhe kundal pahanane vaalee tathaa shubh aachaar vaalee solah kanyaaen patnee banaane ke lie detaa hoon. sone ke rng vaalee, sughada naak vaalee, manohara jnghaaon aur chaand jaise mukhade vaalee uchch kul va jaati kee ve kanyaaen sabhee aabhooshanon se bhee sampann hongee."

jo log hanumaan ke brahmachaaree hone kaa daavaa karate hain yaa hanumaana ke brahmachaaree n hone ke kisee bhee ullekh par bhadakakar laal-peele ho jaate hain aur vaalmeeki raamaayana ko hee raamakathaa kaa pahalaa aur beeja srot maanate hain- taya baat hai ki un logon ne raamaayana kaa yah ansh naheen padhaa hai aur binaa padhe hee ve 'mool' raamaayana kee maanyataaon kee rakshaa karane ko uddhat ho rahe hain.

ise padh lene ke baad bhee kuchh svaynsiddha vidvaan yah kahane lagenge ki shlok men bharat ke vivaah yogya kanyaaon ke dene bhar kaa ullekha hai par hanumaan ke sveekaar karane kee baat naheen hai!? para unako samajhane kee zaroorat hai ki agara sveekaarane kee baat naheen hai to asveekaar karane kee baat bhee naheen hai. in shlokon ke baad hanumaana jee prem se bharat jee ke saath baithakara raam kee vijayagaathaa kee kathaa kahane lagate hain. agar ve vaaqaee avivaahita rahane vaale brahmachaaree the to bharat bhaiyaa ke aage haath jod lete, para unhone aisaa koee upakram na kiyaa. aur hanumaan ke brahmacharya se vaalmeeki jee kee yahee muraada hotee ki ve stree tatv se doora rahenge to vaalmeeki mahaaraaja bhee vaheen par sunishchit kar dete ki is maamale ko lekar koee bhraanti n paidaa hone paaye.

masalaa yah hai ki abhee haal men dillee vivi ke paathyakram se e ke raamaanujan kaa lekh 'three hndred raamaayanaaz : faaiva ekzaampals end three thotsa aon traansaleshan' isalie nikaal diyaa gayaa kyonki usamen vibhinn raamaayanon kee kathaaon ke vividh paathon kaa varnan hain. aur kuchh svaghoshit snskriti ke rakshak (yaa raakshas?) isa par aapatti uthaa rahe hain. mujhe yah baat behad vichitr maalooma detee hai ki vishvavidyaalay kaa paathyakram tay karane men aise anapadhon kee raay sunee jaa rahee hai jo n padhate hain aur n padhane denaa chaahate hain. aur yah pahalaa maamalaa naheen hai jab aisaa huaa hai isake pahale mumbaee vivi men bhee aisee hee ghatanaa ho chukee hai. aaye dina kisee kitaab ke kisee ansh ko lekar koee n koee balavaa karataa rahataa hai. par dilachasp baat yah hai ki inake balavon kaa asar aksar ulataa hotaa hai. bhale hee mumbaee vivi se rohintan mistree kee kitaaba paathyakram se hataa dee gaee para unakee uthaaee aapattiyon se janataa men us kitaab men vaapas dilachaspee paidaa ho gaee. usakee bikree men zabaradast uchhaal aayaa. yahee raamaanujana vaale maamale men bhee ho rahaa hai. unake lekh kaa ansh bhale hee paathyakrama se nikaalaa gayaa ho par intaraneta par use khoj nikaalaa gayaa hai. aura khoob padhaa jaa rahaa hai. is infarmeshana aij men is tarah kee bakaloliyon kaa koee arth naheen hai. kuchh samaya ke lie apane poorvaagrahee samarthakon ke beech sastee lokapriyataa haasil bhale hee kar len magara kitaabavirodhee aur jnyaanavirodhee in kattarapnthiyon kaa maqasad aapa vifal ho rahaa hai aur hotaa rahegaa.

duhaaee raamakathaa kee dee jaa rahee hai aur hamaaree paramparaa men raamakathaa behada lokapriy kahaanee hai aur lagabhaga har praacheen grnth men raamakathaa kaa ullekh hai. akele mahaabhaarata men hee chaar baar raam kee kahaanee sunaaee jaatee hai, jinake bheetar bhee chhote-mote antar maujood hain. jab bhee koee kahaanee baar-baara kahee-sunee jaaegee to usamen vividhitaa aa jaanaa svaabhaavik hai. kaal aura desh kaa antar jitanaa badhataa jaaegaa, vividhitaa kee bhee usee anupaat men badhate jaane kee sambhaavanaa banatee jaatee hai.

aura vividhataa ke isee paksh par bala detaa huaa raamaanujan jee kaa yaha tathaakathit vivaadaaspad (sacha to yah hai ki unake lekh men saba kuchh tathy par hee tikaa huaa hai) lekha kaa aadhaar hindee bhaashaa ke vidvaan kaamil bulke kaa bahumooly shodhagrnth 'raamakathaa'hee hai. raamaanujan apane lekh kee shuruaat men usakaa ullekh bhee karate hain. bulke jee apane shodha men mahaabhaarat, shreemadbhaagavata tathaa any puraanon men varnita raamakathaaon ke alaavaa magoliyaa, tibbat, khotaana aur indoneshiyaa tak prachalita vividh raamakathaaon aur unakee vibhinna paathon kaa bhee tulanaatmak adhyayana karate hain. misaal ke lie tamaama raamakathaaon men kaheen fal se, kaeen fool se, kaheen agni se, kaheen bhoomi se janm lene vaalee seetaa ko mahaabhaagavatapuraan, uttarapuraana aur kaashmeeree raamaayan men raavana aur mandodaree kee putree bataayaa gayaa hai, to dasharath jaatak men dasharath kee putree kahaa gayaa hai. paumachariyn men (aama taur par avivaahit samajhe jaane vaale) hanumaana kee ek hazaar patniyon men se ek patnee sugreev ke parivaara kee hai aur doosaree patnee raavan ke parivaar kee. malay dveep men prachalit 'hikaayata seree raam' men to hanumaan raam aur seetaa ke putra hain- aura yahee naheen 'hikaayat seree raama' ke prachalit do paathon men unake is putr hone kee do alag hee kahaaniyaan hai. isee tarah ke aura bhee vichitr bhed padhane vaalon ko mil jaaenge.

hama jis raamaayan ko jaanate hain, usakee kahaanee vaalmeeki kee banaaee huee naheen hai. unake bahut pahale se log raamakathaa kahate-sunate rahe the. pooree prithvee par bhramana karane vaale naarad ne unako raamakathaa sunaaee thee; jaise buddh ne apane poorvajanmon kaa vrittaant kahate hue apane shishyon ko raamakathaa sunaaee thee jo ee0poo0 teesaree shataabdee se dasharath jaatak men surakshit milatee hai; aura jaise bahut kaal baad tulaseedaasa ko unake guru ne soronkshetra men raamakathaa sunaaee thee. dhyaana dene kee baat yah hai ki kisee ne bhee raamakathaa ko padhaa naheen hai, sunaa-sunaayaa hai. vaalmeeki raamaayan aura raamacharitamaanas kaa jo antar hai vo isalie bhee hai ki tulasee spashta kah rahe hain ki unakee kathaa, raamaayana par aadhaarit hai hee naheen- vo to gurumukh se sunee kahaanee para aadhaarit hai. aur bahut vidvaana aise hai jo vaalmeeki kee raamaayana ko naheen balki dasharath jaatak ko us kahaanee ko mool raamakathaa maanate hain jisamen n to raavan hai aur na lnkaa, aura jisamen seetaa aur raam bhaaee-bahana hokar bhee shaadee karate hain. nishchita taur par kathaa kaa yah roop isake eka aise praacheen kaal ke hone kaa snket detaa hai jab raajaparivaaron kee santaanen raktashuddhi ke vichaar se aapas men hee vivaah kara lete the- jisakaa ek aur udaaharan misr ke firaunon men milataa hai.

para muddaa yah naheen hai ki kaun see raamaayan mool kathaa hai. gaur karane laayak baat yah hai ki raamakathaa kee grnth paramparaa se pahale eka jeevnt shruti paramparaa bhee rahee hai- jise gaathaa ke naam se puraanon aadi men bhee pahachaanaa gayaa hai. aur isa shruti paramparaa ke chalate yadi koee mool kathaa rahee bhee hogee to usamen desh-kaal--paristhiti ke anusaar badalaav hote rahe hain. ab jaise jain raamaayan p‌umachariyn men raavan kaa vadh raam karate hee naheen, lakshmana karate hain. kyonki jain dharma men hinsaa mahaapaap hai aur jisa paap ko karane ke kaaran hee lakshmana narak ke bhaagee hote hain.

itihaasa aur mithakon kee is gati ko samajhane ke lie ek ke raamaanujan jaise lekhon ko 'hari anant hari kathaa anantaa' kaa jaap karane vaale aasthaavaana kattarapnthee n padhanaa chaahen to na padhen magar 'hari kathaa anantaa' kaa marm samajhane kee aankaakshaa rakhane vaale aur sajag chetanaa vikasit karane ke ichchhuk chhaatron ke lie aisee padhaaee behad anukool hai.

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