khyaati praapt abhinetaa aur rngakarmee nirmal paandey kaa nidhan

hindee sinemaa aur naaty jagat ke sashakt hastaakshar nirmal paandey kaa aaj dinaank 18 faravaree 2010 ko munbaee ke holee spirit aspataal men nidhan ho gayaa. nirmal paandey ek pratibaddh pragatisheel snskritakarmee the. jinhonne jeevanaparynt apanee rachanaa aur kalaa kshamataa kaa upayog manushy aur samaaj ke sarokaaron ke lie kiyaa.

nirmal paandey mulat: rng-karmee the jinhonne "jin laahaur nahee dekhyaa'' jaise antarraashtreey khyaati praapt naatakon men apane abhinay kaa lohaa manavaayaa. sinemaa jagat men shekhar kapoor kee 'baindit kveena', 'is raat kee subah naheen', tren too paakistaana' jaisee filmon men apanee mukhy bhoomikaa ke jariye sinemaa ke kathy kathaanak aur abhinay kee nayee paribhaashaaye deen. bahut saare seeriyalon evn tee vee filmon ke jariye nirmal ne is maadhyam men bhee apanee damadaar upasthiti darj karaayee.

''kraafta'' (usakee samast ikaaee kalaa kamyoon, dastaa, kraaft film sosaaitee) vaaraanaasee kee snkalpanaa aur snsthaapanaa men nirmal kaa avismaraneey yogadaan hai. hamaare lie kaee abhinay varkashaap kaa snchaalan nirdeshan karake aur snsthaa dvaaraa aayojit hone vaale filmotsavo men yojanaa se lekar kriyaanvayan tak apanee bhaageedaaree se hamen aadhaar aur dishaa pradaan kee.
nirmal kaa nidhan pure kraaft parivaar ke liye apooraneey vyaktigat kshati hai. nirmal kaa nidhan pure saanskritik jagat aur samast kalaa-snskriti-rng karmiyon ke lie ek gaharaa sadamaa hai.

nirmal ke asaamayik achaanak nidhan par sampoorn kraaft parivaar ( kalaa kamyoon, dastaa, kraaft film sosaaitee), jan snskriti mnch evnm kaashee kee samast kalaa-snskriti-rngakarmiyon kee or se vinamr aur ashrupoorit shradhdaanjali.

baarish men bhee kaayam rahee kalaakaaron kee "ummeede"

do divasiy is aayojan kee shuruaat prakriti ke ekaaek asntulit hone ke baavajood apane nirdhaarit samay par assee ghaat par huee.

kalaa utsav kee shuruaat ilaahaabaad se aae varisht chitrakaar v kaaryakram ke mukhy atithi ajay jaitalee ne rng-birnge gubbaaron ko aakaash men udaa kar kee, aur ummeede men aaye sabhee kalaakaaron kaa abhivaadan kiyaa. jaitalee jee ne kalaa ko logo tak le jaane ke is tareeke ko vistaarit karane kee baat kaheen. sabhee kalaakritiyon ko unhonen dekhaa aur das kalaakritiyon ko chunaa jinhen utsav ke antim din sammaanit kiyaa gayaa. kalaa utsav men 250-300 kalaa kritiyon kaa pradarshan huaa jisamen bee.ech. yu., vidyaapeeth , gorakhapur, lakhanaoo, ilaahabaad, patanaa, jaunapur, faijaabaad, chhatteesagadh v chennaee, ke kalaakaaron ne bhaag liyaa. 2002 men kshetreey star par shuroo kiye gae is pradarshanee ne aaj raastreey utsav kaa svaroop le liyaa hai.
is baar pradarshanee men paanch insataaleshan pradarshit kiye gae jo kalaa jagat ke badalate svaroop ko batalaa rahaa hai. isamen sattaa kee raajaneeti se lekar usake amerikaa ke charanon men natamastak hone aur bhaarat ke 80% janataa ke oopar padte bojh ko bakhoobee dikhaayaa gayaa hai. kalaa kamyoon dvaaraa kiye gae 20 fut ke insataaleshan men aam aadamee ke oopar laade gae bhaagadaud aur usake shaanti kee laalasaa ke antarvirodhee sthiti ko dikhaayaa gayaa hai.

shaam ke saanskritik kaaryakram kee aagaaj patanaa se aaee 'hiraavala' teem ne gorakh paande, maheshvar, veeren, aur muktibodh ke geeton ke saath kiyaa. darshako ne is tarah ke geeton ko jo aaj ke samaaj kaa aainaa hai haathon - haath liyaa aur saraahaa. jan geeton ke baad 'satyajit re' nirdeshit 'munshee premachnd jee' kee kahaanee par aadhaarit film ''sadagati'' kaa sho huaa. satyajit re jaise nirdeshak kee najar se is film ko dekhanaa bhee darshakon ke lie ek khaas anubhav rahaa.

utsav ke dusare din kraaft kee naaty- gaayan ikaaee 'dastaa' dvaaraa naatak ''aardar-aardara'' prastut kiyaa gayaa. yah naatak bhaarateey nyaay pranaalee ke maadhyam se raajaneeti me ghul mil chuke aparaadh aur saamapradaayikataa ko bakhoobee dikhaatee hai. sattaa par chot karatee huee naatak bataatee hai kee bhaarateey sattaa amerikaa kee dalaalee men lagee huee hai. naatak men ankur, udabhav, aur vivek ne bhoomikaa nibhaaee. shruti, vineetaa, ankur, udabhav, v arjun ne janageeton kee prastutee kee.
is pure aayojan ke dauraan darshakon kee sthirataa banee rahee aur shahar ke kaee buddijivee, kalaakaar, saahityakaar, v aamajanon ne kalaa utsav ke is sngam men apanee upasthiti darj karaaee mukhy taur se kraaft ke adhyaksh vee. ke. sinh, mahaasachiv uday yaadav, ilaahaabaad se ke.ke.paande, meenaa raay, lakhanaoo se apoorv, gorakhapur se anuj, maneesh, chhatteesagadh se rndhaavaa prasaad, giridhaaree saahoo sahit shahar se kaasheenaath sinh, shaaheenaa rijavee, pro.balaraaj paande, pranaam sinh, pro. vashisht anoop, aadi ganamaany log maujood rahe.

ummeeden 2010

haashiye kaa hindustaan

bhaarateey kalaa kaa aatmasammaan viheen pichhalaa dashak

aajaadee ke baad bhaarateey saahity, sngeet, naatak aur chitrakalaa aadi ko snrakshit aur protsaahit karane ke uddeshy se raashtreey aur raajy kalaa akaadamiyon kee sthaapanaa kee gayee. in akaadamiyon kee sthaapanaa ke peechhe vaastav men kyaa uddeshy thaa yah aaj itihaasavettaaon ke lie shodh kaa vishay ho sakataa hai. par lagabhag paanch dashakon se lambe inake astitv ke baad yah spasht hai ki janataa kee mehanat kee kamaaee se vasoole gaye sarakaaree karon ke paison par budhdijeeviyon, saahityakaaron aur kalaakaaron ke lie apanee snkeernataa pramaanit karane kaa ek sarakaaree mnch banane ke atirikt aisee akaadamiyon ne kuchh naheen kiyaa. samakaaleen bhaarateey kalaa ke vikaas ke lie banee lalit kalaa akaadamee ke alaavaa bhee hamaare desh men kaee gair sarakaaree kalaa snsthaaen sakriy hain. yadi gair sarakaaree snsthaaon ke banane ke peechhe bhoomi aur sampatti sambandhee sarakaaree pratibandhon aur kar sambandhee aarthik niyantrak niyamon kaa thengaa dikhaa kar apanaa kaary vyaapaar chalaae jaane aur saath hee kalaapremee kahalaane ke dohare laabh ke prati pratishthaanon ke lobh ko yadi nazaraandaaj kar bhee diyaa jaae fir bhee gair sarakaaree aur sarakaaree kalaa akaadamiyon kaa chitrakalaa aur chitrakaaron ke baare men unake ravaiyon men adabhut saamy nazar aataa hai. kalaa ke prati in snsthaaon ke saamantee najariye kaa hee fal hai ki ve kushtee, mukkebaajee, teerandaajee aur daud jaisee kreengaa pratiyogitaaon kee tarah chitrakalaa ke lie bhee pratiyogitaaon kaa haasyaaspad aayojan kar, kalaakaar kee kritiyon kaa moolyaankan karane kee himaakat kar paate hain. kendriy lalit kalaa akaadamee to n keval apanee vaarshik pradarshanee men chayanit kalaakaaron ko hee akaadamee ke sadasy chunane ke lie matadaan ke yogy maanataa hai balki aise kalaakaaron ke lie parichay-patr bhee jaaree karataa hai. arthaat yadi koee lalit kalaa kee vaarshik pradarshanee jaisee saamantee vyavasthaa se sahamat n hon to vah bhaarat men, sarakaaree arth men kalaakaar hee naheen hai. durbhaagy se kalaa akaadamiyon kee in gairalokataantrik saamantee harakaton ke khilaaf hamaare desh ke chitrakaaron ne kabhee savaal naheen uthaayaa. unhonne yah jaanane kee koshish bhee naheen kee ki ve kavi, lekhak, rngakarmee yaa kisee any kalaakaar ke saath ek kataar men khade hain yaa naheen; kyaa koee any kalaa akaadamee bhee kalaa aur kalaakaaron ke moolyaankan men khilaadiyon ke moolyaankan kee reeti apanaatee hai; kyaa koee kavi yaa lekhak akaadamee dvaaraa sarakaaree maanyataa praapt kavi-lekhak-rngakarmee hone kaa parichay-patr paakar ithalaataa hai.

yah saty hai ki maamoolee jod-tod se lalit kalaa akaadamee jaisee snsthaaon se parichay-patr, puraskaar aur upaadhiyaan to sahaj hee mil sakatee hai aur milatee hai par apane aatmasammaan aur moolyon kee rakshaa svayn ek chitrakaar ko hee karanaa hotaa hai - chitrakaaron ke ek bahut bade varg ne is vishay par sochane kee jaroorat hee naheen mahasoos kee. aise vivek viheen chitrakaaron kaa any rachanaakaaron se sampark kat jaanaa- lalit kalaa aur gair sarakaaree kalaa akaadamiyon kee den ke roop men dekhaa jaanaa chaahie.

san 1947 ke baad hamaare desh men snsadeey vyavasthaa ne ek khaas varg kee sevaaon men apane astitv kee saarthakataa khojee jisake falasvaroop saataven aur aathven dashak ke dauraan navadhanaadhayon kaa ek vishaal varg vikasit huaa jo bahut kam samay men sarakaaree snrakshan men belagaam munaafaakhoree, sattebaajee ke jarie akoot dhan ikatthaa karane men safal rahaa. yah sarvathaa ek nayaa varg thaa jo aazaad hindustaan men kendreey shakti ke roop men saamane aayaa. is varg ne shram aur aarthik samridhdi ke beech ke rishte ko chunautee dee aur baajaar men nivesh ke naam par sarakaar dvaaraa praayojit sattebaajee men akalpaneey dhan kamaane men safal rahaa. is kamaaee men unakaa shram naheen thaa balki karodon shramikon ke shram aur upabhoktaaon ke loot se ye paisaa aa rahaa thaa. lihaajaa lakhapati se arabapati banane men is varg ko bahut kam samay lagaa.

yah varg shakti sampann thaa. isane raajaneeti, dharm, manornjan se lekar aadhunik chakalon men apanaa adhikaar jamaayaa. isee shrॄnkhalaa men isane dhananivesh ke naye tareekon ko talaashaa. jameen, sheyar aadi par paisaa lagaane kaa tareekaa puraanaa pad rahaa thaa. lihaajaa is varg ne duniyaa ke doosare poonjeevaadee deshon kee or dekhaa jahaan chitrakalaa men paisaa lagaane kee paramparaa puraanee thee. hindustaan men kalaakritiyaan badee taadaad men sahaj aur kam daam men upalabdh thee- jisake chalate jald hee is tabake ko kalaa khareed-farokht ke dhandhe men ras milane lagaa thaa. is varg kee yah majabooree thee ki khajaane men karodon rupaye hone ke baavajood bhee vah ek kavitaa, ek kahaanee yaa ek naatak yaa geet khareed kar apanaa maalikaanaa sidhd naheen kar sakataa thaa iseelie inakaa kalaa prem chitrakalaa tak seemit rahaa. kalaa vyaapaar, ek or jahaan unhen kalaa rasik yaa kalaa prishthaposhak hone kaa sukh dene lagaa (jo zameen yaa sheyar kaa dhandhaa unhen kabhee naheen de sakataa thaa) vaheen ek asvaabhaavik munaafaa bhee unhen milane lagaa.

isake samaanaantar chitrakaar ek sarjak ke roop men saahityakaar, rngakarmee yaa any kalaakarmee se bahut peechhe rah gayaa. unake beech kisee tarah kee samaanataa khojanaa ab kam-se-kam bhaarat men to kathin se kathinatar hote jaa rahaa hai. srijan ke naam par aaj apanee paramparaa se katakar bhaarateey chitrakaaron kaa ek varg pashchim ke sau saal pahale ke asafal par chaunkaa denevaale kalaa aandolanon kaa arthaheen anukaran kar rahaa hai. do vishvayudhdon ke beech fnse samay men daadaavaad aur uttar daadaavaad kee saamaajik, raajaneetik prishthabhoomi aur maujoodaa bhaarat ke 'indiyaa shaaininga' aur 'in 021 kredebil indiyaa' jaisee paristhiyon ke beech ke antar ko samajhane aur unakee visngatiyon ko pakadane kaa baudhdik snsaadhan aise chitrakaaron ke paas, nishchay hee naheen hai. aur inheen kaaranon se ek chitrakaar apane samay ke saahityakaar, rngakarmee aur rachanaakaaron kee kataar se nikal kar 'maala' banaanevaale par kalaakaar kahalaanevaale vyakti ke roop men 'baajaara' men apanee dukaan chalaane men apanee shakti jhonk rahaa hai.

bhaarat men pichhalaa ek dashak aatmasammaanaheen kalaakaaron aur unakee kalaa ke vikaas kaa dashak rahaa hai. yah saty shaayad samaan roop se sabhee kalaakaaron par naheen laagoo hotaa hai. par samakaaleen har bhaarateey kalaakaar baazaaravaad ke giraft men bandee hai, yah saty samaan roop se samakaaleen sabhee kalaakaaron par laagoo hotaa hai.

choonki baazaar kee apanee sharten hotee hai jisake tahat 'kalaakriti' kaa 'maala' men tabdeel honaa praathamik shart hai. aur baazaar men kisee maal (braand) ke bikane lie usakaa vishisht honaa aur usakaa doosare braandon se bhinn honaa jarooree hai. saath hee vipanan (maarketing) ke lie vijnyaapan ke lie kaee kalaakaaron ne apane aatmasammaan ko taak par rakh tamaam arthaheen hathaknde apanaae. unhonne netaaon-abhinetaaon aur uddogapatiyon ke saath milakar chitr rachane kaa naatak rachaa. aur chitrakalaa ko pradarshan kalaa kee or le jaane kee koshish kee. sattaa paksh ke netaa pee chidambaram, prafull patel, ambikaa sonee, shaaharukh khaan, dileep kumaar, saayaraa baano jaise abhinetaa aur ratan taataa sareekhe uddogapatiyon ne desh ke sheershasth kalaakaaron ke kainavaason par koochee ferane kaa mahaj sukh hee naheen liyaa balki inake 'midaas-sparsha' se chitron ko baad men oonchee keemat par bikane kaa aadhaar bhee milaa. ise lekhak-kabi-rngakarmee, gaayak aadi kalaakaaron kaa bhaagy hee kahaa jaaegaa ki raajaneeti yaa paise kee taakat ke bal par unakee kalaa men koee is prakaar kaa sharmanaak hastakshep karane kee himmat naheen kar paa rahaa hai. chitrakaaron ke aatmasammaanaheen ravaiyon ke naye naye svaroop hamen aanevaale samay men aur bhee dekhane ko milenge. kyonki yah sab us baajaar ke niyamon ke tahat ho rahaa hai jisamen kalaakaar ek 'maal-nirmaataa' se jyaadaa kuchh naheen hai.

baazaar kaa yahee paksh kalaa ke lie snkat aur chintaa kaa vishay ban jaataa hai, kyonki is kaary-vyaapaar men kalaa kaa maan nirdhaaran praay: asambhav ho jaataa hai. oonche daamon men bikanevaalee kalaakritiyon ko samaaj praay: behatar kalaakriti maanane kee bhool kar baithataa hai. safal chitrakaaron kaa anukaran karanaa navodit kalaakaaron ke lie praay: sahaj aakarshan ban jaataa hai. kalaa men shreshth-saamaany-nikrisht kee pahachaan dheere-dheere vikrit hone lagatee hai. aise vakt kalaa sameekshakon kaa ek mahatvapoorn daayitv ho jaataa hai ki baazaaravaad kee tamaam bhraamak sthitiyon men bhee behatar kalaa ke maanadndon ko chinhit karataa rahe. par durbhaagy se ek or jahaan baajaaravaad ke chngul ke baahar kalaa sameekshak bhee naheen hai, vaheen doosaree or is kalaabaazaar ne apane lie ek bhaashaa bhee taiyaar kee hai. angrejee ke atirikt hindee yaa kisee any praanteey bhaashaa men kalaa sameekshaaen lagabhag arthaheen hotee jaa rahee hai. ye sameekshaaen n to baazaar ko prabhaavit kar sakatee hai aur n hee janataa ko. saarthak sameekshaa ke abhaav kaa yah samay chitrakalaa men araajakataa aur tarkaheenataa ke gaharaane kaa samay bhee hai. navadhanaadhy ke jis varg kee hamane yahaan charchaa kee hai, vah kalaa baazaar kee snchaalak shakti ke roop men pichhale ek dashak men aur bhee adhik sakriy huaa hai. kalaa men 'nayepana' kee maang yaheen se uth rahee hai. isee kee maang par pichhale dinon uttaraadhunik chitrakalaa ke naam par yaun vikritiyon ko darshaate badee taadaat men chitr bane. bhaarateeyataa ke naam par 'tantra' ko aadhaar maan aise chitron kee videshon men khaasee maang rahee hai. intaanleshan kalaa ke naam par aadhee sadee puraanee paashchaaty kalaa kaa bhaarateey snskaran bhee chaukaa denevaale rahe. kalaa men prayog aur parivartanon kee gati, sngrahaakon kee pravriti ke anukool to hai par vyaapak samaaj kaheen adhikaansh bhaarateey chitrakaaron se bahut peechhe chhoot gayaa.
is saty ke saath, kam-se-kam du:khee hone jaisee baat naheen huee hai, kyonki pichhale ek dashak men baazaaravaad ke ghataatop men 'shreshtha' 'adhik bikanevaale' 'mnhagee bikanevaalee' 'neelaamee men keertimaan sthaapit karanevaalee' aisee samakaaleen kalaa se agar aam janataa aparichit hee rahee to usane bahut badaa yaa saarthak kuchh naheen khoyaa hai.

ashok bhaumik
prasidhd chitrakaar v sameekshak

(samayaantar se sabhaar)