beete do maheenon ke dauraan bhaarat men svaain floo ke 689 maamale saamane aaye hain jinamen se 36 logon kee dardanaak maut darz kee gayee hai. inamen mahaaraashtr sabase jyaadaa prabhaavit lag rahaa hai. svaain floo ke 400 maamale akele is raajy men dekhe gae aur 18 logon kee jaan chalee gayee. maranevaalon men 13 pune, 3 naasik, 1 aurngaabaad aur 1 dhule zilaa kaa nivaasee thaa. mahaaraashtr ke alaavaa aandhr pradesh, tamilanaadu aur raajasthaan men svaain floo kahar dhaa rahaa hai. tamilanaadu ke svaasthy mntree veees vijay apane raajy men ab tak 29 maamalon kee pushti kar chuke hain.dillee ko hee leejiye, neshanal sentar for dijeej kntrol ne raajadhaanee men 6 svaain floo maamalon kee pushti kee hai jinamen se 2 maamale to haal hee ke hain. aakhir yah ghaatak svaain floo hai kyaa balaa?
yah hai svaain enfluenzaa. ise svaain floo, hog floo yaa pig floo bhee kahaa jaataa hai. san 2009 se pichhalaa svaain floo san 1968 men darj huaa thaa jise bataur haangakaang floo jaanaa jaataa hai. is nae vaayaras ke bhinn roop athavaa apar roop kaa naam hai- e (echa1ena1).
svaain enfluenzaa vaayaras aam taur par suaron men panapane vaale enfluenzaa kul ke vaayarason kaa ek bhinn roop hai. san 2009 tak jnyaat svaain enfluenzaa vaayarason ke bhinn roop hain enfluenzaa 'see' vaayaras aur enfluenzaa 'e' vaayaras ke up prakraar, jinhen ham ‘echa1ena1’, ‘echa1ena2’, ‘echa3ena1’, ‘echa3ena2’ tathaa ‘echa2ena3’ ke roop men jaanate hain. svaain enfluenzaa snyukt raajy amerikaa, teksaas, kaileeforniyaa, meksiko, kanaadaa, dakshin amerikaa, yooke, italee, sveedan, keeniyaa, cheen, taaivaan aur jaapaan men paae jaane suaron men ek aam aur sthaaneey beemaaree hai.
svaain enfluenzaa vaayaras kaa maanav men snkraman aam taur par naheen hotaa hai. aur agar hotaa hai to use joonotik svaain floo kahaa jaataa hai. jo log suaron ke baadon men bahut najadeek rahakar kaam karate hain unhen snkraman kaa khataraa adhik rahataa hai. beesaveen shataabdee ke madhy men enfluenzaa vaayaras ke up prakaaron kee pahachaan snbhav ho paayee thee. usake baad hee is tarah ke vaayarason ke snkraman kee teevrataa kaa theek-theek andaajaa lagaayaa jaane lagaa. aaj vaijnyaanik yah pataa lagaa chuke hain ki is baar manushyon men failaa svaain floo enfluenzaa 'e' vaayaras ke up prakaar echa1ena1 kaa nayaa bhinn roop hai. is bhinn roop ke jeens svaain enfluenzaa vaayaras ke jeens se milate julate hain.
sabase pahale san 1918 men failee floo mahaamaaree ke dauraan svaain enfluenzaa ko maanav enfluenzaa se sambndhit beemaaree bataane kee koshish huee thee. is mahaamaaree ke dauraan aadamee aur suar ek hee samay floo se peedit hue the. haalaanki suaron men enfluenzaa failane ke kaarak vaayaras kee shinaakht isake kareeb 12 varsh baad san 1930 men hee ho sakee thee. isake agale 60 varshon tak svaain enfluenzaa kaa kaarak vishesh taur par echa1ena1 vaayaras ke ek bhinn roop ko bataayaa jaataa rahaa. yah san 1997 se 2002 ke beech kaa daur thaa jab uttaree amerikaa ke suaron men faile enfluenzaa kaa jimmedaar teen alag-alag up prakaaron tathaa paanch alag-alag jeenontaaipon ke nae bhinn roopon ko thaharaayaa gayaa.
san 1997-98 ke dauraan is vaayaras kaa echa2ena3 bhinn roop saamane aayaa. is bhinn roop men maanav, suar aur pakshiyon ke mile-jule jeens maujood the. uttaree amerikaa men svaain floo ke lie aaj sabase badaa jimmedaar yahee vaayaras hai. echa1ena1 tathaa echa3ena2 ke jeenom milane se echa1ena2 bhinn roop utpann huaa hai. kanaadaa men san 1999 ke dauraan echa4ena6 vaayaras kaa ek bhinn roop prajaatiyon kee seemaa paar karake pakshiyon se suaron men pravesh kar gayaa thaa. saubhaagy se is bhinn roop ko ek hee suar baade men seemit karake niyntrit kar liyaa gayaa thaa.
svaain floo kaa echa1ena1 roop usee vaayaras se sambndhit hai jisake chalate san 1918 men floo mahaamaaree failee thee. suaron men bane rahane ke saath-saath 1918 mahaamaaree kaa vaayaras roop badal-badal kar pooree beesaveen shataabdee ke dauraan maanavon men snkraman karataa rahaa hai. isase maanavon men saamaany mausamee enfluenzaa failataa dekhaa gayaa hai. yadyapi suaron se manushy men seedhaa floo snkraman n ke baraabar hotaa hai fir bhee san 2005 ke baad amerikaa men 12 aise maamale darj hue.
manushyon men svaain floo anaginat baar failataa dekhaa gayaa hai jise jonosis kahaa jaataa hai. lekin har baar isakaa failaav seemit rahataa hai. haan, suaron men yah aam aur lagaataar maujood rahane vaalee beemaaree hai jisase kaee deshon ko bhaaree aarthik nukasaan uthaanaa padtaa hai. ek aankade ke mutaabik svaain floo ke chalate akele briten ke maans udyog ko 65 miliyan paaund kee chapat har saal lagatee hai.
svaain enfluenzaa kaa itihaas san 1918 kee floo mahaamaaree se praarnbh hotaa hai. haalaanki isake vaayaras kaa udgam kab, kahaan aur kaise huaa yah aaj tak ajnyaat hai. yah floo manushyon se suaron men failaa yaa suaron se manushyon men; yah bhee sthaapit naheen kiyaa jaa sakaa hai. isakaa ek kaaran yah bhee hai ki 1918 kee floo mahaamaaree kaa pataa pahale manushyon men chalaa thaa usake baad suaron men. agalaa maamalaa hamen 5 maee 1976 ke din amerikaa ke fort diks men dekhane ko milataa hai. ek sainik kamajoree aur thakaan kee shikaayat ke baad agale hee din mar jaataa hai aur usake 4 saathee sainik aspataal men bhartee karaaye jaate hain. do hafton baad svaasthy adhikaaree ailaan karate hain ki sainik kee maut echa1ena1 vaayaras ke ek bhinn roop ke snkraman se huee hai. is bhinn roop ko 'e/nyoo jarsee/1976 (echa1ena1) naam diyaa gayaa thaa.
sitambar 1988 men amerikaa ke viskonsin raajy kee vaalavarth kaauntee men baarabaraa en veenars naamak garbhavatee mahilaa kee svaain floo se jaan chalee gayee thee. yah vaayaras un haat-melon men paayaa gayaa jahaan suar bikree yaa pradarshanee ke lie laaye jaate the. baarabaraa bhee aise hee ek mele men apane pati ke saath gayee thee. haalaanki yah vaayaras seemit hee rahaa. isake baad 1998 ke dauraan amerikaa ke chaar raajyon men svaain floo dekhaa gayaa, saal bhar ke andar hee isane poore amerikaa ke suaron ko apanee chapet men le liyaa. vaijnyaanikon ne pataa lagaayaa ki is baar kaa vaayaras maanav tathaa pakshiyon men paae jaane vaale floo vaayaras ke bhinn roopon kaa mishran hai. agast 2007 men filippeens ke krishi vibhaag ne bhee desh bhar ke suaron men floo mahaamaaree fail jaane kee baat kaboolee thee.
...aur saal 2009 kaa svaain floo. yah echa1ena1 up prakaar ke ek aise bhinn roop se failaa jo pahale suaron men naheen paayaa jaataa thaa. mahaamaaree failane ke baad 2 maee 2009 ko yah vaayaras elbartaa (kanaadaa) ke ek suar baade men paayaa gayaa jisake taar meksiko men failee floo mahaamaaree se judate the. meksiko men to yah beemaaree faravaree-maarch 2009 men hee fail jaane kee shuruaatee rapaten milane lagee theen. kahaa jaa rahaa thaa ki smithafoods faarm ke ek suar baade men apanaae jaa rahe galat tareekon kee vajah se svaain floo paidaa huaa aur manushyon men fail gayaa. haalaanki smithafoods ne isakaa tatkaal khndan bhee kar diyaa thaa.
dekhane vaalee baat yah hai ki amerikee ‘beemaaree niyntran evn rokathaam kendr’ ne spasht taur par kahaa ki amerikaa men paae gae svaain floo ke vaayaras kaa nayaa bhinn roop meksiko ke vaayaras se pooree tarah mel khaataa thaa. bataa den ki amerikaa kee seemaa meksiko se satee huee hai. svaain floo se pahalee maut 13 aprail 2009 ko meksiko kee oaaksaakaa kaauntee men darj kee gayee thee. kanaadaa men bhee svaain floo vaayaras tab paayaa gayaa jab ek majadoor meksiko se vahaan ke ek suar baade men kuchh hee din pahale lautaa thaa. isase saabit hotaa hai ki is baar kaa svaain floo daity meksiko men paidaa huaa thaa.
svaain enfluenzaa bhaarat samet vishv ke har suar paalan karane vaale desh men maujood hai. suaron men yah poore saal failataa rahataa hai. isakee rokathaam ke lie kaee desh aksar suaron ko teekaa lagavaate hain. bhaarat men ab tak is baat ke koee snket naheen mile hain ki maanavon men mile svaain floo kaa sambandh suaron men maujood vaayaras se hai. fir bhee ehatiyaat ke taur par bhaarat sarakaar ke paryaavaran, khaadyaann evn graameen vibhaag ( deeeeefaaarae) ne suar paalakon ko nirdesh jaaree kie ki ve uchchastar kee saaf-safaaee rakhen. yadyapi enfluenzaa e (echa1ena1) vaayaras poore vishv men maanav se maanav men fail rahaa hai aur kaee deshon men maut kaa taandav bhee khel rahaa hai. iseelie 'vishv svaasthy sngathana' kee duniyaa bhar men failate jaa rahe svaain floo par painee najar hai. bhaarat sarakaar bhee is baar pahale se jyaadaa taiyaar dikh rahee hai kyonki 2009 kaa anubhav use hai aur usase logon ne bhee sabak seekhaa hogaa. teeke aspataalon tak pahunchaae jaa rahe hain aur jahaan jrooree hai vahaan chikatsaa adhikaariyon ko atirikt elart bhee kiyaa jaa rahaa hai. isake baavajood haal hee men sakriy hue is vaayaras ko halake men lenaa mahngaa pad sakataa hai kyonki logon kee jaan jaane kaa silasilaa thamane kaa naam naheen le rahaa hai.
enfluenzaa logon men failataa kaise hai?
samajhaa jaataa hai ki yah nayaa enfluenzaa vaayaras aam mausamee floo kee tarah hee failataa hai. snkramit vyakti ke baat karate samay, khaansate samay yaa chheenkate samay usake munh yaa naak se jo chhotee boonden nikalatee hain, unako saans dvaaraa andar le lene se snkraman ho sakataa hai. is vaayaras se snkramit koee cheej jaise tishyoo pepar yaa daravaaje ke haindil ke snpark men aane ke baad apanee naak yaa aankh chhoone se bhee snkraman ho jaataa hai.
snkramit suaron ke lakshan kyaa hain?
suaron men svaain enfluenzaa hone par ve behad sust pad jaate hain. bukhaar evn khaansee ke alaavaa unhen saans lene men bhaaree kasht hotaa hai. kisee snkramit suar kee saans se nikalee boonden saans ke jarie andar jaane se suaron men svaain floo failataa jaataa hai. ve snkramit suar ke pratyaksh athavaa apratyaksh snpark men aane par bhee snkramit hote jaate hain.
manushy men svaain floo ke kyaa lakshan hain?
svaain floo se grast manushy men theek vaise hee lakshan dikhaaee dete hain jaise ki usake saamaany mausamee floo se snkramit hone par najar aayaa karate hain. masalan bukhaar, thakaan, bhookh kee kamee, khaansee aur galaa dukhanaa. kuchh logon ko ultee-dast kee shikaayat bhee ho sakatee hai. udaaharan ke lie meksiko men e (echa1ena1) vaayaras se peedit logon ko bhaynkar peedaa jhelanee padee aur unakee mrityu bhee ho gayee. jabaki bhaarat sahit any deshon men is enfluenzaa ke lakshan naram rahe hain aur log pooree tarah theek bhee hue hain.
enfluenzaa snkramit vyakti kyaa kare?
agar aap kisee floo jaisaa mahasoos kar rahe hain to ghar se baahar haragij n nikalen aur jitanaa ho sake kam se kam logon ke snpark men rahen. teleefon par apane paarivaarik chikitsak se baat karen aur usakee salaah par pooree tarah amal karen. apanee marjee se koee bhee davaa khareedakar n khaaen. haalaanki kuchh davaaen prachalan men hain lekin floo kee teevrataa ke anusaar hee inhen lene yaa n lene kee salaah chikitsak dete hain. agar bhaarat men khataraa badhtaa hai to bhaarateey svaasthy surakshaa ejensee agale dishaa-nirdesh jaaree karegee.
rokathaam ke upaay
enfluenzaa e (echa1ena1) se snkramit vyakti jab khaansataa yaa chheenkataa hai to vah apane aasapaas kee satah par vishaanu failaa detaa hai. itanaa hee naheen usake dvaaraa istemaal kie gae tishyoo pepar yaa binaa dhule haathon ke chhoo jaane se bhee vishaanu failate hain. isalie satah ko saaf rakhanaa jarooree ho jaataa hai taaki aasapaas ke logon men snkraman n ho sake. ditarjent aur paanee se satah saaf karanaa aasaan hai lekin jahaan haath naheen pahunchataa vahaan brashon aur vishaanunaashak utpaadon kaa prayog karanaa uchit rahataa hai. kichan pletaform, taayalet flash aur daravaajon ke haindil aisee hee kuchh jagahen hain jahaan vishaanunaashakon kaa prayog karanaa chaahie. jin cheejon ko ghar athavaa daftar ke log aksar chhoote hain unakaa svachchh rahanaa atyaavashyak hai. inamen kampyootar keebord, teleefon riseevar, haindil, svich, nalon kee tontee aadi shaamil hain.
apane aasapaas badhiyaa saaf-safaaee rakh kar enfluenzaa samet har kism ke vaayaras ke snkraman se bachaa jaa sakataa hai.
svaasthy surakshaa ejensee ne logon se kahaa hai ki ve har samay nimnalikhit baaton kaa dhyaan rakhen:-
a) saabun aur paanee se apane haath din men kaee baar dhoen.
b) chheenkate athavaa khaansate samay apanaa munh aur naak tishyoo pepar se dhnk len.
s) istemaal kie gae tishyoo pepar ko saavadhaanee aur jimmedaaree se kachare kee tokaree men daalen.
d) daravaaje ke haindil jaisee kadee satahon ko hameshaa saaf rakhen.
i) sunishchit karen ki bachche bhee in baaton kaa khayaal rakhen.
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